Amelogenesis imperfecta / Familial enamel hypoplasia (AI/FEH) is an inherited disorder affecting the structure, composition, and quantity of tooth enamel. Enamel is a mineralized tissue largely composed of hydroxyapatite crystals and covers the dental crown. With uniquely hard properties offers insulation and resistance to fractures and wear.

Affected teeth are often small, pointed with increased gaps and a brownish mottling and roughening is apparent in areas where enamel is thin or absent. Gingivitis and swelling of the gum is a common accompanying problem and often progresses to more advanced periodontal disease. Tooth loss can occur due to severe abrasions, fractures, and accompanying tooth root infections.

Inheritance: autosomal recessive - read more

Mutation: ENAM gene - Parson Russell Terrier, Italian Greyhound; ACP4 gene - Akita; SLC24A4 gene - Samoyed

Genetic test: The method used for testing is extremely accurate and allows complete differentiation between affected animals, carriers and healthy dogs. Testing can be done at any age.

Disease control: read more

Sample: EDTA whole blood (1.0 ml) or buccal swabs. Detailed information about sampling can be found here.